Post surgery complications

post operative recovery recovery room emeregencies Sep 01, 2025

Beyond Anaesthesia: Spotting Surgical Complications Early in Recovery

The immediate postoperative period is a high risk phase where serious complications related to surgery can first present. Recovery room nurses are more than likely the first to detect changes that may signal a developing emergency, highlighting the importance of a solid understanding of surgical procedures and the complications that may arise from them. Here are some of the major post operative considerations, but remember that every surgery, and every patient, is unique.

🔴 Bleeding and Haemorrhage 💉

Postoperative bleeding is one of the most critical complications. It may present quite obviously and externally through wound sites, drains or swelling, or internally with signs such as hypotension, tachycardia, pallor, or reduced urine output. Rapid recognition and escalation are essential, as ongoing blood loss can very quickly lead to shock and is a medical emergency.

🧠 Neurological Complications

Although less common, perioperative stroke is a serious complication and a risk that is mitigated for every patient (think VTE prophylaxis!). Sudden onset of confusion, facial asymmetry, weakness, or difficulty speaking should raise serious concern and be addressed immediately. Prompt escalation and activation of stroke protocols can make a significant difference to outcomes.
Nerve injuries may also become evident in recovery, particularly after orthopaedic, spinal, or positioning-related procedures. Patients may report numbness, tingling, or motor weakness. Early detection, documentation and escalation are all important in promoting positive outcomes and ensuring ongoing monitoring and adequate follow up is arranged.

❤️ Cardiac and Vascular Events

Postoperative myocardial infarction or thromboembolic events such as pulmonary embolism can present suddenly in recovery. Symptoms may include chest pain, shortness of breath, hypoxia, or haemodynamic instability. Continuous monitoring (including 3-lead ECG!) and early escalation are essential in preventing patient morbidity.

⚠️Other Critical Considerations

Complications such as airway oedema, urinary retention/blocked catheter, seizures, adverse events related to medications and much more may also arise in the postoperative setting. Each requires rapid, specific and coordinated intervention guided by emergency protocols and local processes for escalation.

Within the wider framework of managing recovery room emergencies, vigilance, structured assessment, and timely communication are key. By understanding and anticipating potential complications and responding promptly, recovery nurses ensure early intervention, preventing further deterioration and improving patient safety.

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References:

Australian College of PeriAnaesthesia Nurses. (2022). Standards for practice: Post anaesthesia care. ACPAN. https://www.acpan.edu.au

Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists. (2023). PS09: Guidelines on sedation and/or analgesia for diagnostic and interventional medical, dental or surgical procedures. https://www.anzca.edu.au


Chung, F., & Mezei, G. (1999). Adverse events in ambulatory surgery. Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia, 46(4), 309–321. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03013200

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